GS QUESTION...... Substantiate, with examples, the view that the Indian Constitution is a hallmark of rigid and flexible constitution. How has this rigidity and flexibility helped the Indian Constitution for more than seven decades, while many other decolonised countries have either replaced or subverted their respective constitutions?

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Question.. Substantiate, with examples, the view that the Indian Constitution is a hallmark of rigid and flexible constitution. How has this rigidity and flexibility helped the Indian Constitution for more than seven decades, while many other decolonised countries have either replaced or subverted their respective constitutions? POINTS -  I. Rigid & flexible feature of constitution  II. Features & nature of amendments of constitution  III. Features of Balance of change & continuity  IV. Conclusion  ANSWER -                  Based upon the provisions made for its amendment, a constitution can be flexible or rigid or a mixture of both. A flexible constitution can be amended by ordinary law-making exercise, while a rigid constitution can be amended by a very difficult and special procedure. As regards to Indian constitution, it strikes a balance between rigidi...
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PSIR QUESTION... 30. What is the relationship between regionalism and globalization? Is regionalism a stepping stone or a stumbling block?

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Today's question... What is the relationship between regionalism and globalization? Is regionalism a stepping stone or a stumbling block?
Points -

  1. Define regionalism & globalization
  2. Explain the relationship between them
  3. Give conclusion


Answer -

●Define regionalism & globalization Regionalism and globalisation are two very different concepts: yet they inevitably work together. In international relations, regionalism is the expression of a common sense of identity and purpose combined with the creation and implementation of institutions that express a particular identity and shape collective action within a geographical region. Anthony Giddens defines globalisation as the intensification of worldwide social relations linking distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many thousands of miles away and vice versa.
●Explain the relationship between them Regional economic blocs have tended to be formed in part because of the impact of globalisation on the economic independence of states. As borders have become porous and economic sovereignty has declined, states have been inclined to work more closely with other states in the same region. In short, regionalism is inevitably linked with globalisation. Whilst globalisation is the increased interdependence of states: regionalism allows this dependence.
Regionalism neither challenges nor fully builds on Globalisation, rather Regionalism represents a stepping-stone on the way to Globalisation; that it offers what one might call a ‘safer’ version of Globalisation – providing the benefits of inter-state trade and exchange while at the same time offering more protection than those states would experience in the global market.
The technological revolution that was brought about by Globalisation definitely forms a vital basis for Regionalism to flourish. Had it not been for the greater ease with which states and individuals can nowadays communicate with each other or send and receive information, it would have been difficult if not impossible to form regional institutions of scale, like the European Union, for example. Moreover, the fact that suddenly due to Globalisation “developments in one region inform and indeed feed into developments in others” has also definitely increased the desire and/or the need for regional cooperation of some sort. So, in a way, it could be argued that regionalism emerges in response to globalisation and that thus Regionalism partly builds on Globalisation.
●Conclude on following lines Regionalism does not challenge Globalisation, but rather regional cooperation is certainly a good preparation for an open international economy. But what is more important about “the relationship between “the one world of the international system and the many worlds of different regionalisms” is the purpose that Regionalism serves to the businesses and organisations of a regional institution’s member states. Since Regionalism is concerned with an increase in political and economic cooperation based on shared interests, norms and values in a certain region, this makes it possible for large companies to expand and train for world competition.

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